IMD 1.15: 15/05/2007 14:18:10 fog mis 002   åååååååååå  åååååååååå  åååååååååå  åPOS TXT ROLLLISTFMTWSMODS DOCw !"#$%&'CPM DOCA()*+,DISK DOCåååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååååå---------------------------------------------------- CUBÅ SOLUTION ---------------------------------------------------- AFT ---------------------- EDGÅ ¯ ¯ ¯ /| CUBåÅ ¯ ¶ ¯ ² ¯ µ ¯ ü <-- REFERENCE Ü ---------------------- 5ü CORNEÒ `--¾ ¯ ¯ ¯ /ü | ¯ ¯ TOÐ ¯ ± ¯ ü /ü ---------------------- 1|¯ | ¯ ¯ ¯ /ü ü -FOG/MIS002RUBIK CUB CLIENT DTA DF-1 DTA EXAMPLE TXTO FOG DOCLETTER-1TXTLETTER-2TXT  © ió front. Á (oò a© ió afô oò bacë (oppositå thå fronô face). Ô (oò t© ió top.  (oò b© ió bottom. Facå rotationó arå alsï indicateä bù letters. Á capitaì letteò indicateó clockwiså rotation. Á smalì l ü ü ü |¯ ü |FRONÔ ü ü /ü ü ü ü ü |¯ ü ¯ -------+------+------- |¯ ü ü ü ü | ü ü ü ü ¯ ü ü ü |¯ <-- CORNEÒ CUBE etteò indicateó counterclockwiså rotation. Eacè letteò meanó tï rotatå thå indicateä facå onå quarteò turî iî thå specifieä direction® Á letteò witè á numbeò iî fronô oæ iô meanó rotatå thå facå thå specifieä numbeò oæ quarteò turns. Foò exampl ---------------------- --------------------------------------------------- Studù thå diagraí oæ thå cube® Iô ió madå uð oæ smalleò cubeó calleä corner¬ edge¬ oò centeò cubes® Thå centeò cubeó definå thå coloò oæ eacè face¬ sincå theù neveò le¬ thå notatioî "Tr¢ meanó rotatå thå toð facå onå quarteò turî clockwise¬ anä theî rotatå thå righô facå onå quarteò turî counterclockwise® Thå notatioî "f(2T)¢ meanó rotatå thå fronô facå onå quarteò turî counterclockwiså anä theî rotatå thå toðeavå thå center® Threå oæ thå centeò cubeó caî bå seeî iî thå diagram® Theù arå labeleä TOP¬ RÔ (right)¬ anä FRONT® Corneò cubeó anä edgå cubeó arå alsï identified® Somå cubeó havå numberó oî them® Ignorå thå numberó foò now® Wå wilì refeò tï facå ² quarteò turns¬ oò onå halæ turn. Iô ió commoî foò thå beginneò tï cubå notatioî tï rotatå thå cubå faceó iî thå wronç direction® Tï avoiä thió instanô frustration¬ É recommenä thaô yoõ trù turninç alì oæ thå cubå faceó clockwiså anä count theí later. Firsô wå musô indicatå ho÷ tï rotatå thå faceó iî ordeò tï movå thå cubeó around® We'lì uså thå followinç notation. Faceó arå identifieä bù letters. Ò (oò r© ió thå righô face. Ì (oò l© ió left. Æ (oò ferclockwiså beforå attemptinç thå solution® Iæ iô ió noô cleaò whicè waù ió clockwise¬ (foò examplå oî thå lefô oò afô faces© turî thå cubå sï thaô thå facå iî questioî ió iî thå fronô positioî anä rotatå thå facå iî thå directioî thå clocë tu3| ¯ ¯ ¯ ´ ¯ ü /ü | ---------------------- 4|¯ ü /| ü ü ü ü ü |¯ | ü ü ü ´ ü /|RTü 7| ü ü ü |¯ ü /ü | -------+------+------- |¯ ü ¯ ü ü   inô thå whitå facå shoulä stilì bå oî toð anä thå reä facå oî thå right® Theî rotatå thå righô facå onå halæ turî tï puô thå whitå edgå cubå iî itó correcô location¬ whicè ió labeleä numbeò onå iî thå diagram® Iæ thió sequencå disturbeä anothï haó á reä facå anä á greeî face® Wå won'ô neeä tï mentioî thå otheò colors. No÷ we'rå readù tï begiî movinç cubes. Wå neeä tï chooså á referencå color® É likå white® Chooså youò owî favorite® Yoõ havå no÷ revealeä youò personality¬ buô wåeò whitå edgå cubå thaô waó correctlù locateä beforå yoõ started¬ rotatå thå sidå containinç thaô cubå bacë tï itó originaì positioî now. Thå red-whitå edgå cubå ió no÷ locateä correctly¬ buô thå coloró maù bå reversed® Thaô is¬ thå reä facå oæ t won'ô gï intï that. Thå solutioî firsô solveó thå edgå cubeó withouô regarä tï thå corners¬ anä theî solveó thå corners. Wå starô bù positioninç alì thå edgå cubeó witè whitå faceó iî theiò correcô locations® Foò thoså whï havå spenô á fe÷ houhå edgå cubå maù bå adjacenô tï thå whitå centeò cubå anä vicå versa® Iæ so¬ thå cubå ió incorrectlù oriented® Thå cubå caî bå correctlù orienteä bù performinç thå followinç sequence. rF f(2R) Thå red-whitå edgå shoulä no÷ bå correctró witè thå cubå thió wilì bå á triviaì firsô step® Buô foò anù pristinå cubers¬ herå arå somå suggestions. STEÐ ONEº SOLVINÇ THÅ WHITÅ EDGÅ CUBES Orienô thå cubå sï thaô thå whitå facå ió oî toð anä thå reä facå oî thå right® Finä thå reä anlù orienteä anä correctlù located. Nexô rotatå thå wholå cubå sï thaô thå whitå facå ió oî toð anä thå greeî facå oî thå right® Proceeä aó abovå tï correctlù locatå anä orienô thå white-greeî cube. Proceeä aó abovå witè thå remaininç twï whitåä whitå edgå cube® Iæ thió cubå ió noô oî thå bottoí face¬ rotatå onå oæ thå sidå faceó (L¬ R¬ F¬ oò Aft© tï puô iô oî thå bottom® No÷ rotatå thå bottoí facå sï thaô thå reä anä whitå edgå cubå ió directlù undeò thå reä centeò cube® Aô thió po edgå cubes® Alì oæ thå whitå edgå cubeó arå no÷ solveä anä forí á crosó oî thå whitå face. THÅ BASIà FOUÒ MOVÅ SEQUENCE No÷ comeó thå harä part® Beforå continuing¬ wå musô learî á basiã fouò movå sequencå thaô ió useä oveò anä oveò agaiî irns. Tï simplifù matters¬ I'lì refeò tï actuaì cubå coloró aó theù appeaò oî mù cube® Iæ youró arå different¬ crosó ouô thå coloró iî thió explanatioî anä writå iî thå coloró oæ youò cube® Mù cubå haó á whitå facå oppositå á yello÷ face® Iô als  ó noô disturâ anù oæ thå edgå cubes® Thå edgå cubeó rotatå threå timeó arounä thå referencå cubå anä enä uð bacë wherå theù starteä from. Thå movå "H¢ haó thå samå propertieó aó "h¢ excepô thaô thå resultinç orientatioî oæ thå cubeó ió different¬ We'lì indicatå thió fouò movå sequencå bù thå letteò h¬ anä itó inverså bù H. è ½ rTRt È ½ TrtR Yoõ shoulä verifù foò yourselæ thaô thå sequencå "h¢ haó thå followinç properties: aº Thå threå edgå cubeó numbereä 1¬ 2 anä iî (a© thå threå edgå cubeó movå counterclockwise® Sincå thå movå "H¢ reverseó thå movå "h¢ anä vicå versa¬ thå movå "hH¢ oò "Hh¢ leaveó thå entirå cubå undisturbed. Yoõ shoulä starô witè á solveä cubå anä practicå thå moveó "h¢ anä "H¢ un¬ anä ³ iî thå diagraí movå clockwiså arounä thå referencå corneò (cubå 5)® Thaô is¬ cubå ± moveó tï wherå cubå ² starteä from¬ cubå ² moveó tï cubå 3'ó location¬ anä cubå ³ moveó tï cubå 1'ó originaì location® Nï otheò edgå cubeó move. tiì yoõ arå verù familiaò anä comfortablå witè them. Wå arå no÷ readù tï proceeä witè thå remaindeò oæ thå solution. STEÐ TWOº SOLVINÇ THÅ CENTEÒ SLICE Thió steð wilì correctlù locatå anä orienô alì oæ thå cubeó iî thå centeò slice® (Thå cente bº Thå toð facå oæ cubå ± remainó oî top® Similarly¬ thå righô facå oæ cubå ³ remainó oî thå right® Howeveò thå afô facå oæ cubå ² changeó tï thå righô face® cº Corneò cubeó ´ anä µ swað locations. dº Corneò cubeó ¶ anä ·ò slicå ió alì thå cubeó noô on thå lefô face oò thå righô face). Orienô thå cubå sï thaô thå whitå facå ió oî thå left® Examinå thå edgå cubeó oî thå righô (yellow© facå tï seå iæ therå arå anù thaô belonç iî thå centeò slice® Theså arå anù edg swað locations. eº Thå movå "2h¢ changeó thå orientatioî oæ cubeó 4¬ 5¬ 6¬ anä · withouô changinç theiò locations® Thå edgå cubeó dï changå locations. fº Thå movå "3h¢ swapó corneró aó iî propertieó (c© anä (d© abovå buô doeå cubeó withouô á yello÷ face® Iæ therå are¬ rotatå thå righô facå untiì onå facå oæ thió edgå cubå ió adjacenô tï thå centeò cubå oæ thå samå color® Theî orienô thå wholå cubå sï thaô thió coloò ió oî top¬ anä thå whitå facå ió oî thå left® î thå remaininç partó oæ thå solution® Thió sequencå shoulä bå studieä anä memorizeä forwarä anä backward¬ insidå anä out. Thå sequencå isº righô facå counterclockwise¬ toð facå clockwise¬ theî righô facå clockwise¬ toð facå counterclockwise®   ® Aô thió poinô alì oæ thå edgeó oî thå whitå facå anä iî thå centeò slicå arå correctlù locateä anä oriented® Aó yoõ proceeä witè thå solution¬ checë thaô theså cubeó staù puô afteò yoõ havå completeä eacè step® Thió ió youò assurancå thaô yoõ nterclockwiså (aó seeî froí thå top© sï thaô thå whitå facå ió iî fronô anä thå edgå cubå ió iî locatioî 2® Thå edgå cubå no÷ belongó iî locatioî 1® Perforí thå movå "H¢ tï puô iô there. Agaiî orienô thå cubå sï thaô thå whitå facå ió oî thå lefhave'nô madå á mistake. STEÐ THREEº SOLVINÇ THÅ YELLO× EDGÅ CUBES Thió steð wilì correctlù locatå thå yello÷ edgå cubes® Therå arå twï cases. Caså 1: Orienô thå cubå sï thaô thå whitå facå ió oî thå bottom® Iæ possible¬ rotatå thå toð fat® Looë oî thå righô facå foò anymorå edgå cubeó havinç nï yello÷ faces® Iæ therå arå more¬ proceeä aó abovå tï puô theí iî theiò correcô locationó witè thå propeò orientation. Iæ alì oæ thå edgå cubeó oî thå righô (yellow© facå havå á yello÷ fcå sï thaô alì oò onlù onå oæ thå toð edgå cubeó ió iî itó propeò location® Iæ thió ió noô possible¬ gï tï thå instructionó foò Caså ² below® Iæ alì oæ thå toð edgå cubeó arå no÷ correctlù located¬ yoõ arå finisheä witè STEP THREE® Iæ onlù onå ace¬ examinå thå centeò slicå tï seå iæ therå arå anù edgå cubeó thaô arå noô properlù locateä anä oriented® Iæ therå are¬ orienô thå wholå cubå sï thaô thå whitå facå ió oî thå lefô anä thå incorrecô edgå cubå ió aô locatioî 2® Perforí thå movå oæ thå toð edgå cubeó ió properlù located¬ turî thå wholå cubå sï thaô thió edgå cubå ió iî thå toð fronô location® Thå threå toð edgå cubeó thaô arå incorrectlù locateä neeä tï bå rotateä eitheò clockwiså oò counterclockwise® Clockwiså meanó thaô"H¢ tï puô iô iî locatioî 1® Theî puô iô iî itó correcô locatioî accordinç tï thå instructionó above® Proceeä iî thió manneò untiì alì oæ thå edgå cubeó iî thå centeò slicå arå correctlù locateä anä oriented. Puô thå whitå facå oî thå lefô again thå edgå cubå aô locatioî ± belongó aô thå toð lefô edge¬ thå cubå aô thå toð lefô edgå belongó aô locatioî 2¬ anä thå cubå aô locatioî ² belongó aô locatioî 1. Tï puô theså threå edgå cubeó iî theiò propeò locationó wå wilì firsô uså thå movå  Thió wilì puô thå edgå cubå aô locatioî ± iî thå diagram® Iæ thå edgå cubå belongó iî locatioî 2¬ perforí movå "h¢ tï puô iô there® Otherwise¬ iô belongó iî thå toð fronô edge® Iæ thió ió thå case¬ rotatå thå wholå cubå onå quarteò turî cou  hå whitå facå ió oî thå bottoí anä thå twï edgå cubeó needinç orientatioî arå aô locationó ± anä 2® Perforí thå movå "h". Whilå holdinç á fingeò oî thå referencå corner¬ turî thå wholå cubå sï thaô thå thå toð facå moveó tï thå bacë anä thå bottoAL. Iæ theù neeä tï gï counterclockwise¬ perform: lá È AL. Aô thió poinô alì oæ thå edgå cubeó arå correctlù located® Iæ anù neeä orienting¬ gï tï STEP FOUR® Iæ alì oæ thå edgå cubeó arå properlù locateä anä oriented¬ gï tï STEP FIVí facå moveó tï thå front® Theî turî thå wholå cubå sï thaô thå toð facå moveó tï thå left® Thå whitå facå ió no÷ iî fronô anä thå cubå witè youò fingeò oî iô ió bacë aô thå referencå position® Perforí thå movå "H"® Thå twï edgeó arå no÷ pE. Caså 2. Iî thió case¬ witè thå whitå facå oî thå bottom¬ iô ió noô possiblå tï rotatå thå toð facå sï thaô onå anä onlù onå yello÷ edgå cubå ió correctlù located® Rotatå thå toð facå sï thaô thå toð fronô edgå cubå ió locateä properly® roperlù oriented. Caså 2® Thå twï edgeó needinç orientatioî arå oî oppositå sideó oæ thå yello÷ face® Orienô thå cubå sï thaô thå whitå facå ió oî thå bottoí anä onå oæ thå edgeó needinç orientatioî ió aô locatioî 2® Perforí thå movå "h"® No÷ perforí thå move: lá è AL. Iô shoulä no÷ bå possiblå tï rotatå thå toð facå sï thaô onlù onå oæ thå toð edgeó ió correctlù located® Gï tï Caså 1. STEÐ FOURº ORIENTINÇ THÅ EDGES Thió steð wilì orienô edgå cubeó withouô disturbinçWhilå holdinç á fingeò oî thå referencå corner¬ reorienô thå cubå aó describeä iî Caså 1® Perforí thå movå "H"® Therå arå no÷ twï adjacenô yello÷ edgå cubeó iî neeä oæ orientation® Orienô theí aó iî Caså 1. Iæ alì fouò yello÷ edgå cubeó nee theiò locations. Aô thió poinô alì oæ thå edgå cubeó arå properlù located® Twï oò fouò oæ thå yello÷ edgå cubeó neeä tï bå oriented® Iæ therå arå two¬ therå arå twï cases® Caså 1. Thå twï edgeó arå adjacent® Orienô thå cubå sï thaô tä tï bå oriented¬ treaô theí aó twï adjacenô pairó anä orienô theí aó iî Caså 1. Therå ió aî alternatå waù oæ performinç theså samå moveó thaô doeó noô requirå re-orientinç thå cubå aô thå halfwaù point® Foò Caså 1¬ orienô thå cubå sï thaô thå tw"la¢ tï puô theí aô locationó 1¬ 2® anä 3¬ theî rotatå theí arounä thå referencå corneò witè movå "h¢ oò "H"¬ anä finallù puô theí bacë iî theiò correcô locationó witè thå movå "AL". Iæ theù neeä tï gï clockwise¬ perforí thå move: lá è   itioî 4® Movå iô tï thå yello÷ facå bù performinç thå movå "3h"® Theî movå iô tï itó correcô locatioî bù followinç thå instructionó aô thå beginninç oæ thió step. Continuå iî thió manner¬ movinç corneò cubeó betweeî thå whitå anä yello÷ faceó  Perforí thå move: aò rFRæ TftÆ RA Aô thió poinô alì edgå cubeó arå properlù locateä anä oriented® Wå no÷ proceeä tï solvå thå corneò cubes® STEÐ FIVEº POSITIONINÇ THÅ WHITÅ CORNEÒ CUBES Thió steð wilì correctlù locatå thå whitå cuntiì alì oæ thå whitå corneò cubeó arå correctlù located. Wheî alì oæ thå whitå cubeó arå correctlù located¬ rotatå thå yello÷ facå sï thaô thå edgå faceó arå agaiî lineä uð correctly. STEÐ SIXº POSITIONINÇ THÅ YELLO× CORNEÒ CUBES Thió steð orneò cubes® Looë oî thå yello÷ facå anä seå whetheò anù corneò cubå haó á whitå face® Iæ so¬ orienô thå wholå cubå sï thaô thå whitå facå oæ thå wholå cubå ió iî front¬ anä thå corneò wherå thå cubå belongó ió iî positioî 4® Rotatå thå yewilì correctlù locatå thå yello÷ corneò cubes® Iæ theù arå alreadù correctlù located¬ proceeä tï STEP SEVEN® Iæ not¬ therå arå twï cases. Caså 1. Iî thió caså onlù onå oæ thå yello÷ corneò cubeó ió correctlù located® Orienô thå wholållo÷ facå untiì thå cubå ió iî positioî 5® Puô thå cubå iî itó correcô locatioî bù performinç thå movå "3h"® Theî rotatå thå yello÷ facå bacë wherå iô starteä froí sï thaô thå yello÷ edgå cubeó arå returneä tï theiò correcô locations. Iæ therå a cubå sï thió cubå ió iî positioî µ anä thå whitå facå ió iî front® Iæ cubå · belongó aô locatioî 6¬ perforí thå move: hLHl. Iæ cubå ¶ belongó aô locatioî 7¬ perforí thå move: LhlH. Alì oæ thå corneró arå no÷ correctlù locrå nï whitå corneò cubeó oî thå yello÷ facå checë whetheò alì oæ thå whitå corneò cubeó arå correctlù located® Iæ so¬ proceeä tï STEP SIX. Otherwise¬ orienô thå wholå cubå sï thaô thå whitå facå ió iî fronô anä á dislocateä corneò cubå ió iî posated® Proceeä tï steð seveî tï correctlù orienô them. Caså 2® Iî thió caså nonå oæ thå yello÷ corneò cubeó ió correctlù located® Orienô thå wholå cubå sï thaô thå whitå facå ió iî front® Perforí thå move: hLHl. No÷ onlù onå oï edgeó needinç orientatioî arå iî thå toð fronô anä toð righô locations® Perforí thå move rFRæ TftF Thå edgeó arå no÷ correctlù oriented. Foò Caså 2¬ orienô thå cubå sï thaô thå twï edgeó arå aô thå toð fronô anä toð afô locations®   thaô thå whitå facå ió oî thå lefô anä thå yello÷ facå ió oî thå right® Keepinç thå whitå facå oî thå left¬ rotatå thå wholå cubå untiì á whitå corneò needinç orientatioî ió aô thå lefô fronô toð corner® Perforí onå oæ thå moveó listeä above¬ de Theså arå thå uppeò lefô anä uppeò righô cubeó oæ thå fronô face® Firsô wå uså thå movå "2h¢ tï orienô thå cubå iî positioî 4® Theî wå rotatå thå fronô facå onå quarteò turî clockwiså tï puô thå otheò corneò cubå iî positioî 4¬ theî uså thå movåpendinç oî whicè waù thå whitå corneò needó tï turn. Continuå iî thió manneò untiì alì oæ thå whitå corneò cubeó arå correctlù oriented. Next¬ orienô thå wholå cubå sï thaô thå yello÷ facå ió iî front® Keepinç thå yello÷ facå iî front¬ rotatå  "2H¢ tï orienô thió corneò cubå anä restorå thå otheò cubeó thaô werå disturbeä bù thå "2h¢ move® Finally¬ wå rotatå thå fronô facå onå quarteò turî counterclockwiså tï returî iô tï itó originaì position® Thió sequencå twistó thå corneò cubeó sthå wholå cubå untiì twï corneró needinç thå samå rotatioî arå iî thå toð lefô anä toð righô positions® Perforí onå oæ thå moveó above¬ aó appropriate¬ tï orienô thå corners® Iæ iô ió noô possiblå tï orienô twï corneò cubeó aô once¬ puô anù cucè thaô thå coloò oî thå toð facå oæ eacè corneò cubå endó uð oî thå fronô face. Iî summary¬ tï orienô thå uppeò lefô anä uppeò righô corneò cubeó oî thå fronô facå sï thaô thå coloò oî thå toð facå endó uð oî thå fronô face¬ perforí thå move: ubå needinç orientatioî iî thå uppeò lefô corneò anä orienô iô usinç onå oæ thå moveó above® Iô ió alwayó possibå tï enä uð witè twï adjacenô corneò cubeó thaô caî bå orienteä aô once. Oncå alì thå yello÷ corneò cubeó arå correctlù oriented¬ thå  2è Æ 2È f. Tï orienô theí iî thå otheò directioî sï thaô thå fronô facå oæ eacè cubå endó uð oî thå toð face¬ perforí thå move: Æ 2è æ 2H. Wå wilì no÷ applù theså moveó tï orienô alì thå corneò cubes. Orienô thå wholå cubå sïcubå ió solved! ---------------------------------------------------- Submitted by Bob Briggs Adapted from a solution printed in poster form. æ thå yello÷ corneò cubeó ió correctlù located® Proceeä accordinç tï Caså 1. STEÐ SEVENº ORIENTINÇ THÅ CORNEÒ CUBES Thió steð wilì correctlù orienô thå corneò cubes. Thå sequencå oæ moveó whicè orientó corneò cubeó affectó twï cubeó aô once®   ån Francisco,CA,94103 MARY CHRISTMAS MARIN,CALIFORNIA,CAPONE ENTERPRISES,a corporation,965-028,BONNIE & CLYDE individuals,MR. CLARENCE DARRELL,567 Eighth Street,Saåååå1,Blotz Products,223 Concept Circle,New Rochelle,NY,04897,J. Figby Blotz,J.F. 2,Acme Marketing Inc.,423 McVail Ct.,Plumptington,NJ,04872,"John Martin,President",Mr.Martin 3,Rip-off Productions,777 High Stakes Drive,Reno,NV,54627,"Honest John" Lopez,John å ,NJ,04872,"John Martin,President",Mr.Martin 3,Rip-off Productions,777 High Stakes Drive,Reno,NV,54627,"Honest John" Lopez,John 2468,Perry Mason,123 Fourth Avenue,Legaltown,CA,94901 (415) 555-1234,DEFENDANT,"MUNICIPAL COURT--SAN RAFAEL JUDICIAL DISTRICT" MARIN,CALIFORNIA,CAPONE ENTERPRISES,a corporation,965-028,BONNIE & CLYDE individuals,MR. CLARENCE DARRELL,567 Eighth Street,Sa  åå HELP OVERVIE× of WordStar (for release 2.2) WordStar„ ió á screen-oriented¬  CP/Í compatible¬  integrateä worä processinç   systeí   specificallù  designeä  foò   non-technicaì persåonnel® Texô anä commanä functionó arå fullù prompted. Videï  editingº  á  portioî  oæ thå  documenô  beinç  entereä  oò correcteä  ió  alwayó  showî oî thå  CRÔ  screen»  additionó  anä correctionó arå immediatelù displayed. Automatiã  disë  åbufferingº  texô ió moveä betweeî disë  anä  CPÕ memorù  withouô useò intervention®  Thus¬  filå sizå ió  limiteä onlù bù disë capacity® Statuó lineº  thå statuó linå displayó thå namå oæ thå filå beinç edited¬  thå page¬  linå numbeò anä colåumî aô whicè thå cursoò ió located¬ anä command(s)¬ iæ any¬ iî currenô operation. Split-screenº  usinç  á triple-spliô screeî WordStar„ allowó helð menu¬   CP/Í  filå  directory¬   anä  scrollinç  texô  tï  appeaò independentlù oî thå screen. å  thå enä oæ á linå ió automaticallù  moveä tï thå nexô line®  RETURN ió useä  onlù  tï indicatå thå enä oæ á paragrapè oò tï creatå á linå space®  Thió eliminateó manù keystrokeó anä increaseó thå ratå oæ texô entry. .pa Š.pn2 .heWordStar Overvictorù  displayº the CP/M file directory is displayed. On-screeî printer-imagå texô formattingº thå effecô oæ margiî typå (eitheò right-justifieä oò ragged-right© anä margiî settingó ió displayeä oî thå screeî jusô aó thå texô wilì appeaò oî papew for release 2.2 Page \# # of 4 pages. .foWordStar Overview for release 2.2 Page \# # of 4 pages. Powerfuì editinç commandsº  includå deletå character¬  word¬ linå oò block»  set/cleaò variablå taâ stop»  blocë move¬ copy¬ deletå aner® Thå texô ió automaticallù formeä tï thå currenô settingó aó iô ió entered® Eitheò settinç caî bå lateò changed¬ anä thå resulô "previewed.¢ Botè settingó caî bå bå mixeä withiî á document® Selectivå marginatioî permitó "cutting¢ arounä aî ilä  outpuô tï disk»  find»  finä ¦ replace»  write/reaä  from/tï otheò files» set/returî tï placå markers» inserô mode» and more. Dynamiã pagå breaë displayº á horizontaì dotteä line¬ noô parô oæ thå text¬ ió showî oî thå screeî wherå á printlustration® (NOTE: Thió paragrapè haó á ragged-righô margin.) * Microspacå justificationº wheî * * printinç  justifieä texô oî  á * *    daisù wheeì printer¬ thå whitå eò pagå breaë woulä occur®  Thå pagå breaë linå ió dynamicallù repositioneä wheî texô entrù  oò  deletioî affectó pagå size®  Visuaì editó oæ  á  prinô imagå  allo÷ eveî aî inexperienceä operatoò tï perforí  sophisti cateä texô composition. Pag * *    spacå  iî eacè linå ió  evenlù * *    distributeä. * Word-Wrapº  eliminateó thå neeä tï enteò á carriagå returî aô thå Šenä oæ eacè line® Á worä toï lonç tï fiô aô ination and formatting: * User control of page length.          * User control of top and bottom margins.          * Variable heading/footing/page number locations.          * Conditional and absolute pagination directives. Headingó anä Helð  menusº  fouò  user-controlleä leveló providå  thå  learninç operatoò  witè  comprehensivå promptinç instructionó withouô  thå neeä  tï refeò tï á manual®  Helð leveló maù bå changeä  aô  anù timå tï allo÷ fulì screeî utilization. Dire  12) .LH 10 This is an example of variable line height. (.LH 10) .LH 8 This is an example of variable line height. (.LH 8) .LH 6 This is an example of variable line height. (.LH 6) .LH 8 Variablå characteò pitchº thå pitcèortº á widå rangå oæ letteò qualitù anä linå printeró arå  supporteä  includinç  Diablo¬  NEC¬  anä Qume¬  aó  welì  aó teletypå  compatiblå  printers®   WordStar„  fullù  utilizeó  bi- directionaì printinç capability® Prinô  enhancementsº   oæ printeä copù ió determineä bù thå useò (pica¬  elite¬ oò youò choicå oæ numbeò oæ characteró peò inch)® Witè á combinatioî oæ typå wheeló anä prinô commands¬ á widå varietù oæ prinô characteristicó caî bå obtained. ŠThe examples below were aBoldface¬  Doublå  Strike¬  Underline“  anä Strikeout¬  variablå  characteò pitch¬  variablå linå heighô  anä alternatå typå stylå oò ribboî color® .LH10 Subscriptó  anä Superscriptó arå fullù supporteä. .LH 8 Prinô enhancementóll printed with a 10 pitch type wheel: .CW19 This is a test of variable pitch. (.CW 19) .CW15 This is a test of variable pitch. (.CW 15) .CW12 This is a test of variable pitch. (.CW 12) .CW11 This is a test of variable pitch. (.CW 11)  maù bå useä iî alì combinations® Foò example¬ underlineä anä boldfaceä subscriptó arå supported® Variablå linå heightº is useò defined and easily changed® .LH 20 This is an example of variable line height. (.LH 20) .LH 18 .CW10 This is a test of variable pitch. (.CW 10) .CW12 CRÔ  compatibilityº  WordStar'ó videï ediô functioî wilì operate¬ afteò suitablå installation¬  oî anù CRÔ oò videï board  16x64¬ 24x80¬ oò largeò thaô haó cursoò positioninç fun This is an example of variable line height. (.LH 18) .LH 16 This is an example of variable line height. (.LH 16) .LH 14 This is an example of variable line height. (.LH 14) .LH 12 This is an example of variable line height. (.LH ctionó anä thaô ió  accessiblå  aó  á  CP/Í  consolå  device®  Becauså  WordStar„ controló  cursoò  movement¬  therå  ió nï neeä tï uså  á  "smart¢ terminal; thus, equipment cost is reduced. Installatioî  programº  automaticallù  generateó  á Footingsº flexiblå headingó and/oò footings¬ witè oò without page numbers, are easily implemented. Concurrenô  prinô function (backgrounä  printing)º  printinç  and editinç simultaneously, thus improving operator productivity. Printeò supp  agementº  "copy¢  anä "rename¢  functionó  no÷           possiblå througè WordStar® * Prograí  Executionº   allowó  á  prograí  (sucè  aó  aî           operatinç  systeí utility»  e.g®  STAT© tï bå executed¬           witè autoHelpº  ió  á user-controlleä optioî thaô  alertó           yoõ  wheî thå lasô worä oî á linå ió toï lonç  tï  fit®           Yoõ caî chooså betweeî hyphenatioî oò movinç thå  wholå           worä tï thå nexô line® Iæ lateò editinç eliminateó thå matiã returî tï WordStar® Eliminateó neeä tï Š          exiô tï CP/M. * Easieò scrollingº  continuouó scrollinç no÷ implementeä           witè two¬ insteaä oæ three¬ keystrokes. * Non-displaù oæ prinô controlsº  permitó exam           neeä foò thå hyphen¬ iô wilì noô bå printed. * Decimaì  Tabº  allowó  columnó  oæ  numberó  (includinç           dollaò  signó [$Ý anä commas© tï bå typeä aó easilù  aó           operatinç aî addinç machine®  WordStar„ wilì lininatioî  oæ           texô witè displaù oæ prinô controló suppressed®  Thus¬           thå terminaì screeî wilì displaù á truå prinô image. *  Supporô  oæ  sheet-feedersº  commandó  foò  controllinç           papeò  motioî arå executeä fe-uð thå           decimaló  automatically®   Thå  Europeaî  formaô   foò           decimaló anä commaó ió supported. * Paragrapè Indentº temporarilù setó thå lefô margiî tï á           taâ  stoð sï thaô documentó witè multiplå  indentaroí printing-controì  codeó           embedded in text» single and twin-hoppeò mechanisms. *   Automatiã    Backspacå    Insertionº    frequently-useä           backspace/overprinô  combinationó caî  bå  accomplisheä           withouô additionó           (likå outlines© caî bå typeä easily. * Selectivå  Pagå Printingº  permitó yoõ tï specifù  botè           thå  firsô  anä lasô pagå sï thaô onlù á portion“  oæ  á           documenô caî bå printed. *  Filå  mantionaì keystrokes» ió especiallù usefuì foò           foreign language accentó anä speciaì symbols. **  MailMergeº  ió  á powerfuì filå merginç tool®  Iô  caî           takå  datá  froí onå filå anä combinå iô  witè  anotheò           f  versioî  oæ WordStar„  foò uså oî mosô populaò terminaló anä printers»  allowó optimuí datá transfeò tï printer®  Thus¬ equipmenô changeó don'ô causå delay¬ inconvenience¬ oò additionaì softwarå expense. Ne÷ Features: *    Hyphen-     optionaì   MailMerge„           enhancemenô module. .pa Šntinç featurå can¬  themselves¬  contaiî referenceó           tï otheò files. (**) Featureó   availablå   witè  thåbå           selectivelù printeä iî virtuallù anù format® Thus¬ thå           samå  datá  filå useä tï prinô letteró caî bå  alsï  bå           useä foò mailinç labeló oò á customeò list.     ** Multiplå  copù  printingº  allowó thå samå filprint out of FOG.DOC San Francisco 12 October 1981 Dear Fellow FOG Member: Here are a few programs you may find intå  tï  bå           printeä  morå thaî onå timå withouô constanô  operatoò           attention. **  Chaineä   printingº   á   serieó  oæ   fileó   caî   bå           automaticallù printeä bù merelù specifyinç thå  variouó           fileeresting! 1.)CLIENT.DTÁ   ió   froí   thå   Wordstaò   Mailmergå    Dealeò Demonstratioî Package¬ iî facô froí pagå 1³ oæ saiä package® Thå prograí provideó thå datá foò variablå valueó needeä iî thå Prooæ oæ  Servicå  forí  (POS.TXT© whicè ió aó  bù  name®  Thió featurå alsï reduceó  thå  timå           needeä  tï  creatå documentó anä ió  especiallù  usefuì           wheî  "boiler-plate¢ ió commonlù used®  Disë  storagå           requirementó  ió  significallù reduceä bù  file-contenô lsï oî  thió  disk®  Somå bugs -- play with it. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2.)DF-1.DTÁ Wordstaò Mailmergå agaiî - provideó datá foò LETTER- 2.TXT. Dealer Demo Package, p.11 -----------------------------------           duplicatioî oî thå samå disk. **  Nesteä  printingº   fileó  printeä  usinç  thå  Chaineä           Printinç featurå can¬  themselves¬  contaiî referenceó           tï otheò files. (**) Featureó   availablå   witè  thå------------------------------ 3.)EXAMPLE.TXÔ   - á  nicelù  writteî  fivå  pagå  OVERVIE×   OÆ WORDSTAR®  Prinô  ouô  undeò  Wordstaò  oî youò  printeò  foò  á dramatic display of Wordstar's printing ability. --------------------------------------ilå   containinç  text¬   insertinç  thå  datá   wherå           variableó arå specified® Thå operatoò caî alsï specifù           additionaì  datá aô prinô time.Re-forminç ió  automatiã           wheî  variableó  appeaò  mid-paragraph®  Datá  caî     informatioî  iî  thå formaô oæ mailinç  labeló supplied in roll form. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 10.)SIEVE.BAÓ Microsofô Basiã prograí writteî bù Jií  Gilbreatè froí  "Á Higè Leveì Languae, p.11 -a form letter soliciting new business ----------------------------------------------------------------- 6.)POS.TXT Wordstar Mailmerge Demo Package, p.12 -provideó texô anä formaô foò Prooæ oæ  Servicå gå Benchmark¢ pagå 18° iî thå Septembeò BYTE  - thió prograí haó beeî modifieä froí thå listinç  oî  pagå 188®  Thå  prograí  generateó  primå numberó buô  theù  arå  noô displayeä  oî  thå  screen®  Thå prograí demonstrateó  á  methoä calleä  th legal form - some bugs ----------------------------------------------------------------- 7.)ROLLLIST.FMT Wordstar Mailmerge Demo Package, p.15 -containó  formaô  foò  printinç  mailinç  lisô inforå  sievå  oæ Erastostheneó whicè useó  nï  divisioî  iî calculatinç  primå  numbers®  Trù RUNinç witè TROΠ foò  á  wilä screeî  display®  É  havå addeä á beeð tï indicatå thå enä oæ  á program run. ----------------------------------------------matioî  iî  thå formaô oæ mailinç  labeló supplied in roll form. ----------------------------------------------------------------- WELL¬  THAT'Ó  IÔ FOÒ NO× HOPÅ TÏ SEÅ YOÕ AÔ THÅ NEXÔ MEETINÇ OF FOG..........................------------------- Š FOGP.DOC, page 2 San Francisco 12 October 1981 11.)SINEWAVE.BAÓ  á  cutå  demï oæ thå wordó  "OSBORNÅ  01¢  anä "COMPUTER¢ iî thå forí oæ á s... . . ......BILL ESSEX ********************************** (415) 863-8867inewave®  Wilì looë betteò oî  youò printeò  oò oî thå 12¢ Osbornå greeî screen®  Adapteä froí BASIà COMPUTER GAMES by David Ahl. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 12.)SUNRISE.BAÓ  á  CBASIC² prograí writteî bù  Bru--------------------------- 4.)LETTER-1.TXT Wordstar Mailmerge Demo Package, p.10 -a whimsical form letter to friends ----------------------------------------------------------------- 5.)LETTER-2.TXT Wordstar Mailmerge Demo Packag  PM.DOC, from -CPMUG.019, contains instructions on use of CP/M. Jim Woolley FOG Disk Librarian September, 1982  San Francisco Civic Center LATITUDE +37,47,00 =use a plus for North LONGITUDE W,122,25,00 =use a upper case letter STANDARD TIME ZONE = 9 MONTH,DAY,YEAR =10,12,1981 å DISK.DOC -FOG/MIS.002 First Osborne Group (FOG) Miscellaneous Disk This disk contains various sample files to be used with WordStar and MailMerge. They were previously found on -FOG.017. The editåed file FOG.DOC describes these. A more complete set of examples is included on -FOG/MIS.003. Also see -FOG/APP.004 regarding use of ROLLLIST. WSMODS.DOC was on -FOG.014. It describes in general terms how WordStar may be modified for compatibåility with printers. This information is repeated in the Osborne 1 Users Reference Guide. RUBIK.CUB, from -FOG.028, gives information regarding solution of the famous puzzle. It is a document and may be viewed or printed using WordStar. Cåcå  Barkstroí froí pagå 9´ oæ thå Julù BYTE® ----------------------------------------------------------------- 13.)SUNRISE.INÔ  foò propeò entrù intï thió compileä versioî  oæ the above program use the following hints: the example I give is for  åeorge said all the terrible things are going to happen. I am writing you, &salutation&, to inquire if you would like to join me on a pilgrimage to Mars. I understand that things are very nice there, and we wouldn't have to bother with things like åthe streets being littered with abandoned automobiles because there isn't any gas anymore, or having to submit forms in triplicate just to buy a quart of milk. Let me know soon; there isn't any time to loose. å &close&, Hermin "The Hermit" .CS .DM PRINTING LETTER TO: &name& .PA cate just to buy a quart of milk. Let me know soon; there isn't any time to loose. .CW 10 .MT 10 .OP .DF B:DF-1.DTA .RV number,name,address,city,state,zip,attention,sal 24 October 1992 &name& &address& &city&, &state& &zip& Attn: &attention& Dear &sal&: We are proud to announce a new product. It is virtually guaraånteed to bring many customers to your store. It it a machine that makes gold coins from rocks, using no energy at all. Since we are trying to minimize our marketing expenses, we will send further information only upon request. I'm really interes.CW 10 .MT 15 .OP .DF B:TESTDATA.DTA .RV recordnumber,name,address,city,state,zip,salutation,close January 1, 1984 &name& &address& &city&, &state& &zip& Dear &salutation&: Here it is, the first day of 1984. Remember, this is the year G  å EN:ab .PA Sincerely yours, Elvin Nerd, Director of Marketing, New Ideas, Inc. .AV "Day of month (1st, 2nd, etc.)? ",day .AV "Month? ",month .AV "Last two digits of year? ",year .AV "Title of document(s)? ",documentname .AV "Name of data file? ",datafilename .DF B:CLIENT.DTA .RV clnum,aname,astreet,acity,astate,azip,aphone,pd,cårt .RV cc,cs,p,ep,cnum,d,ed,ocname,ocstreet,occity,oczip,psname **************** &clnum& *CLIENT NUMBER **************** &aname& &astreet& &acity&, &astate& &azip& &aphone& ATTORNEY FOR &pd& &crt COUNTY åOF &cc&, STATE OF &cs& &p&, &ep&, No. &cnum& Plaintiff, vs. PROOF OF SERVICE BY MAIL &d&, &ed&, Defendants. / __________________________________å____/ I, &psname&, say: I am, and at all times herein mentioned was, a citizen of the United States, over the age of eighteen years, and not a party to the above action; that on the &day& day of &month&, 19&year&, I personally served a true copy ted in doing business with you, &sal&, so why don't you call me today? I am anxiously waiting to hear from you. Sincerely yours, Elvin Nerd, Director of Marketing, New Ideas, Inc.   CW 10 .DF B:ROLLLIST.DTA .RV recordnumber,name,address,city,state,zip,telephone,data .RP &name& dressed as follows: &ocname&, &ocstreet&, &occity&, &ocstate& &oczip&. I declare under the penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true, and that this document is executed at &acity&, &astatel&, this &day& day of &month&, 19&year&.  &address& &city&, &state& &zip& &data& .CS  _____________________________________________ &psname& .PA oregoing is true, and that this document is executed at &acity&, &astatel&, this &day& day of &month&, 19&year&.  .DM PRINTING RECORD #&recordnumber&: &name& .PA åå.PL 8 .MT 0 .MB 0 .OP .PO 0 .åof &documentname& on &ocname&, by depositing said true copies, enclosed in a sealed envelope with first-class postage thereon fully prepaid, in a mailbox regularly maintained by the government of the United States, located at &city, &astatel&, ad  dinç  aó  mucè supporô aó wå possiblù caî tï ouò  customers® Thió  documenô ió aî attempô tï providå á generaì  frameworë  foò makinç modificationó tï WordStaò oî thå Osbornå 1®  Osbornå wilì alsï  worë  witè  FOÇ (Firsô Osbornå useò Group© anä  otåheò  useò groupó  tï helð brinç specifiã modificationó tï thå attentioî  oæ Osbornå  ± users®  Iî earlù sprinç oæ 198² wå wilì  alsï  begiî publicatioî  oæ á users§ magazine¬  anä witè thå helð oæ thå useò groupó anä dealers¬  hopå thaô thå magaz.op .he Modifying WordStar on the Osborne 1 Page # .foREV: 15 DEC 81 Modifying WordStar on the Osborne 1 by Thom Hogan Osborne Computer Corpoinå wilì becomå á vehiclå for information like this document. Whilå  we'rå  workinç  oî bringinç ouò useò  supporô  uð  tï  thå highesô  leveló iî thå industry¬  iæ you'ä likå alsï tï joiî FOG¬ here's the relevant information First Osborneration Á  numbeò  oæ  Osbornå ± purchaseró havå askeä  Osbornå  Computeò Corporatioî  foò  helð iî modifyinç theiò copieó oæ  WordStaò  tï worë  correctlù  witè theiò  specifiã  printer®  Unfortunately¬ therå  arå oveò 50° differenô printeró a Group Dues $20/year. c/o Frank Morton Meets third Thursday of month PO Box 11683-A at DYSAN Auditorium, 5201 Patrick Palo Alto, CA 94306 Henry Drive, Santa Clara; 7:30 pm. (415) 493-8058 vailable¬  manù oæ  whicè Osbornå  haó  nï  experiencå with®  Iô  ió  thereforå  virtuallù impossiblå  foò Osbornå tï providå thå specifiã helð manù oæ  yoõ have requested. Aô thå samå time¬  Osbornå Computeò Corporatioî ió interesteä  iî provi ŠModifying WordStar     Iæ you'rå interesteä iî modifyinç WordStar¬ iô ió likelù thaô     yoõ  wisè tï makå modificationó tï accomodatå  youò  printer®     Iæ  yoõ  wanô  tï  makå changeó tï thå  waù  WordStaò  itselæ     operateó  (messaå  d.     Presó RESEÔ oî thå fronô oæ thå Osbornå 1»  presó thå  RETURÎ     keù tï starô CP/M®  Wheî thå HELÐ prograí identifieó itself¬     press the ESC (for ESCAPE) key to get to CP/M. Type:      SETUP  [ stands for preprinter changes in this document.     Tï modifù WordStar¬ you'lì neeä tï graâ thå followinç items:      o Your WordStar diskette.      o Your CP/M Utility diskette.      o Your CP/M System diskette.      o The assembly languagessing RETURN ]     Wheî SETUÐ askó whicè disë (sic© yoõ wisè tï configure¬ presó     B‚  tï  indicatå  thaô yoõ wisè tï reconfigurå  youò  WordStaò     diskette®  Afteò  á fe÷ moments¬  thå screeî wilì cleaò  anä     fill with a listing of the c listing in this      document, or the MicroPro Customization Notes.      o A blank, formatted diskette.      o The manual for your printer.      o A hexadecimal/decimal/ASCII chart (helpful, but      not necessary).   urrent settings.     Wå  havå no÷ reacheä thå momenô oæ thå firsô decisioî  tï  bå     madeº  ho÷ ió youò printeò connecteä tï thå Osbornå 1¿  Yoõ     musô changå settinç "A¢ ("PRINTER"© anä sometimeó settinç "B¢     ("BAUÄ RATE"© tï reflecô ho÷       Makå  surå thaô yoõ havå theså materialó iî fronô oæ yoõ  anä     thaô  you'vå  reaä througè thå documentatioî sï  thaô  you'rå     familiaò  witè  wherå tï finä specifiã informatioî  wheî  yoõ     need it. Step 1: Configuring the youò printeò ió connecteä tï thå     computer.      If your printer is a low-cost dot matrix printer      like the Okidata, Centronics or Epson models, you Š     will either select STANDARD SERIAL or CENTRONICS      depending CP/M Printer Handler     Placå  youò CP/Í Systeí diskettå iî drivå Á anä thå  WordStaò     diskettå  iî  drivå B®  Wå assumå thaô you'rå  workinç  witè     copieó  oæ botè disketteó sï thaô anù mistakeó yoõ mighô makå     can be quickly reverse upon which interface option you purchased.      Normally, these printers are also run at 1200 baud      (assuming that you have a serial interface and the      proper cable).      If your printer is a high-quality daisywheel pringes¬  keystrokeó useä foò  variouó  commands¬     etc.)¬  yoõ  shoulä  contacô  youò locaì dealeò  oò  MicroPrï     Internationaì  anä asë tï purchaså thå "Customizatioî  Notes¢     foò youò versioî oæ WordStar® Wå wilì concentratå oî makinç       ions¬  makå  surå     thaô thå ARRO× KEYÓ arå seô foò WORDSTAÒ (anä noô CP/M)¬ thaô     AUTÏ HORIZONTAÌ SCROLÌ ió ON¬ anä thaô SCREEÎ SIZÅ ió seô foò     128®  Witè  thå versionó oæ WordStaò  beinç  shipped¬  theså     optionó  musô  bå  seô  corr printing capabilities of a daisywheel printer if      you specify 300 BAUD, STANDARD SERIAL, or if you      know enough about special printer protocols to use      the XON/XOFF or ETX/ACK selections at 1200 baud.      Using 3ectlù foò  WordStaò  tï  worë  aó     described in the user manual.     Yoõ  mighô  alsï wanô tï adä somå functioî keyó whilå  you'rå     usinç SETUP®  Commandó thaô wå finä handù tï havå programmeä     intï thå functioî keyó are:      ^Q00 baud will always work, so we suggest      that you start with this.      If your printer is intended for a Commodore or      Hewlett-Packard computer, it may feature an IEEE-488      interface. Specify IEEE as the printer tQ^B continuously reformat document      ^OR set right margin      ^OL set left margin      ^OC center line      ^KD save file          Wå suggesô thaô yoõ figurå ouô whaô thå teî mosô  frequentelùype in      these cases (baud rate need not be set).     Foò  thoså oæ yoõ whï don'ô kno÷ ho÷ youò printeò connectó tï     thå computer¬ you'lì havå tï consulô witè youò dealer¬ oò thå     persoî   whï  solä  yoõ  thå  printer®   Osbornå   C     useä  commandó  arå  foò  yoõ anä tï prograí  theí  intï  thå     functioî keys» yoõ don'ô havå to¬ oæ course¬ buô iæ yoõ learî     to use them properly, they do save time.     Wheî  you'vå  finisheä makinç surå thaô alì thå  optionó  arå  omputeò     Corporatioî  cannoô  possiblù  supplù  yoõ  witè  cablinç  oò     interfacinç  informatioî withouô actuallù seeinç thå  printeò     in question, which is, of course, out of the question.     Whilå  you'rå usinç SETUÐ tï chooså CP/Í opt   properlù configured¬  presó X‚ (tï exit© anä theî presó B‚ (tï     indicatå thaô thå configuratioî shoulä bå saveä oî drivå  B)® Š    Thå disë drivå wilì dï itó usuaì whirrinç anä clacking¬  theî     shut off. You should see the CP/M prompt ("ter,      it will probably be connected to the serial port      (a few models might interface like a Centronics      parallel printer, however, so you'd better check).      You may use the incremental spacing and other special       tinç foò     the way in which WordStar wants to see character sequences:      1. The first number must be the number      of characters which follow (or zero      to tell WordStar that the function      is not imple'lì neeä tï adä  oò     changå  iî  youò  sourcå listinç tï allo÷  WordStaò  tï  worë     properlù witè youò printer®     Whaô  wå wilì dï ió tï lisô eacè oæ thå pieceó oæ informatioî     yoõ neeä tï modify¬ anä discusó whaô eacè means® You'lì mented), followed by the      actual character sequence. The Epson      MX-80 uses the sequence ESCAPE E to      change to enhanced print, for instance.      This sequence looks like this:      0havå     tï sleutè througè youò printer'ó manuaì tï finä thå specificó     yoõ  need¬  buô  aô leasô you'lì havå aî ideá oæ whaô  iô  ió     you'rå  lookinç for®      Usually¬  you'rå  lookinç foò á charô labeleä "Prinô  Controì     Codes.¢  2h,1Bh,45h,0,0,0,0,0      where 02 is the number of characters      in the sequence      1Bh is the ESCAPE character (in hex)      45h is the "E" (in hex)      and the 0's are theThió  charô wilì telì yoõ thå sequencå  oæ  speciaì     characteró thå printeò musô receivå iî ordeò tï perforí  eacè     function®  Theså  characteró arå usuallù  multiple-characteò     sequenceó (twï oò threå characteró iî length© anä ofteî begiî re to take up the rest of      space dedicated to the function      2. A single number or character is entered      and WordStar will supply the rest of the      information needed. This is often called     witè thå ESCAPÅ character® Normally¬ thå controì codeó wilì     bå  giveî iî botè decimaì anä hexadecimaì format--we'lì  wanô     thå  hexadecimaì numberó tï enteò intï thå WordStar.     Therå  arå basicallù twï distincô patternó iî thå lis      a "flag" or "toggle" function--the value      "flags" which type of printer is being used      or what functions are avaiable, etc. Š    Okay¬  here'ó thå informatioî yoõ neeä tï finä ouô abouô youò     printer: A>"). Step 2: Figuring Out the Special Codes for Your Printer     Yoõ  neeä  tï  kno÷ á numbeò oæ thingó  abouô  thå  waù  youò     printeò operates®  Wå can'ô possiblù lisô alì thå differenô     printeró  anä thå specifiã informatioî you  BOLDFACÅ PRINTINGº Somå printeró dï á betteò joâ thaî otheró     aô  creatinç boldfacå prinô bù strikinç thå  samå  characteró     oveò  anä over®  Thå seconä iteí yoõ neeä tï kno÷ shoulä  bå     thå  numbeò  oæ  timeó yoõ wisè WordStaò tï  prinô strikå  tï  creatå     boldfacå  prinô  (bù  printinç thå samå  characteò  oveò  anä     over)¬  tï  underlinå (bù printinç thå  character¬  theî  thå     underline)¬  anä  tï prinô onå characteò oveò anotheò (aó  iî     foreigî languagå accents).  thå  samå     characteró  foò alì texô iî betweeî thå ^P commandó imbeddeä     iî  youò text®  Daisywheeì printeró shoulä alwayó havå  thió     seô  aô 0² (whicè WordStaò wilì automaticallù  do¬  sï  don'ô     change this setting).     DOUBL     Iæ  yoõ havå á daisywheeì printer¬  you'lì jusô neeä tï  telì     WordStar what kind of daisywheel printer you have.     Iæ  yoõ  owî  á doô matriø oò otheò  non-daisywheeì  printer¬     you'lì  neeä  tï determinå whetheò oò noô iô  ió  capaESTRIKÅ PRINTINGº  Thå samå applieó tï doublestrikå  aó     tï  boldface®  Therå shoulä bå á readilù apparenô differencå     betweeî  boldfaceä  prinô anä  doublestrucë  prinô  (boldfacå     shoulä  bå darkeò anä bolder)®  Increaså thå numbeò foòblå  oæ     backspacinç  and/oò returninç thå carriagå tï thå lefô margiî     withouô  issuinç á linå feed®  Thå latteò ió  thå  preferreä     method®  Thå  formeò  ió necessarù foò Selectriã  anä  otheò     printeró whicè caî noô issuå á carriag thió     functioî  sï  thaô  thå densitù oæ  thå  prinô  ió  somewherå     betweeî  thaô  oæ  normaì  printinç  anä  boldfacå  printing®     Daisywheel printers should have this function set at 02.     ADVANCÅ  Á  LINEº  Á numbeò oæ printeró å returî withouô movinç     dowî á linå oî thå papeò.     Iæ  youò  printeò ió noô capablå oæ backspacinç oò issuinç  á     barå carriagå returî (nï linå feed)¬  yoõ wilì noô bå ablå tï     use WordStar's overstrike printing capabilities.     oî  thå  marketplacå     perforí  "automatiã linå feeds.¢ Thió meanó thaô everù  timå     thå  printeò seeó á carriagå returî senô bù thå computeò  thå     printeò  wilì  perforí  á carriagå returî and“  á  linå  feed®     Normally¬ printeró sho     HO×  TÏ  OVERPRINTº  Thå firsô thinç wå neeä tï kno÷ ió  thå     instructionó  whicè telì WordStaò ho÷ tï creatå  "overstrike¢     effects®  Aî overstrikå ió simplù twï characteró printeä onå     oî  toð  oæ thå other®  WordStaò useó over   yoõ havå á     printeò  whicè  ió  slo÷  iî  doinç  carriagå  returnó  (likå     Selectric printers).     RETURÎ TÏ SAMÅ LINEº  Thió functioî ió mucè thå samå aó  thå     previouó  one¬  thå differencå beinç thaô thió onå  shouldn'ô     issubù á Š    linå feed®  Iæ youò printeò performó autï linå feeds¬ you'lì     need to get rid of the line feed in this function.     Anotheò  probleí  witè somå printeró ió thaô theù  takå  mucè     longeò  tï perforí á carriagå returî anä linå feeå  á linå feeä aó wå don'ô wanô thå carriagå moveä tï thå     nexô line¬  jusô tï thå lefô margin® Thå samå commentó abouô     nulls mentioned for the previous function apply here.     ADVANCÅ ONÅ HALÆ LINEº Iæ youò printeò haó thå capabilitù oæä thaî  theù     dï  tï prinô anù otheò characters®  Thå enä resulô  ió  thaô     theså  printeró  enä uð losinç characteró unlesó WordStaò  ió     tolä  tï waiô á fe÷ momentó afteò sendinç  linå  feeds®  Yoõ     can'ô  dï this¬  buô yoõ caî telì     advancinç thå papeò one-halæ linå aô á time¬  yoõ mighô  wanô     tï  changå  thió functioî sï thaô yoõ caî prinô  superscriptó     anä subscripts®  Dï noô changå thió functioî froí alì  nulló     iæ  youò  printeò  ió á daisywheeì oò capablå WordStaò tï senä somå extrá     characters--calleä "nulls¢ (0° hex)--whicè botè WordStaò  anä     thå  printeò wilì ignore®  Eacè nulì senô bù WordStaò countó     aó á characteò onlù iî thå senså thaô iô takeó WordStaò  timå     tï  senä it®  Iæ oæ  movinç  thå     carriagå uð and“ dowî oî thå papeò (seå below)®  You'lì  havå     tï  looë  througè  youò printer'ó manuaì foò  thå  "characteò     sequence¢ tï senä tï thå printeò tï perforí thió functioî anä     then enter that sequence.  yoõ senä enougè nulls¬  thå printeò wilì bå     readù  tï starô printinç thå reaì characteró oncå theù  begiî     arriving.     Iî otheò words¬  yoõ maù wanô tï senä á carriagå return¬ linå     feed¬ anä theî severaì nulló witè thió functioî iæ     BACKSPACEº  Iæ yoõ specifieä thaô youò printeò backspaceó tï     perforí overstrikes¬ yoõ neeä tï enteò thå characteò sequencå     youò  printeò recognizeó aó thå backspacå commanä  intï  thió     functioî (usuallù ^H¬  oò 0¸ hex)®  Iæ yoõ ulä perforí á carriagå returî only¬ anä     perforí  á  linå feeä onlù wheî á linå feeä ió issueä bù  thå     computer.     Therefore¬  tï advancå á linå oî thå paper¬  WordStaò usuallù     haó tï senä twï charactersº  á carriagå returî followeä   n-daisywheeì  printer¬  enterinç thå characteò sequencå foò     "carriagå  uð  á  partiaì line¢ ió thå  preferreä  methoä  oæ     creatinç  superscripts®  Iæ yoõ enteò á  characteò  sequencå     intï thió function¬  yoõ musô alsï enteò á characteò s   capablå oæ printinç differenô sizeä characters¬  yoõ neeä  tï     enteò  thå characteò sequencå whicè telló iô tï changå tï thå     non-standard size in this function.     Manù  doô  matriø printeró havå á numbeò  oæ  different-sizeä     characequencå     in the next function.     ROLÌ  CARRIAGÅ DOWÎ PARTIAÌ LINEº  Thió ió thå complemenô oæ     thå lasô function®  Obviously¬  thå amounô thaô thå carriagå     ió  "rolleä  down¢  musô equaì thå amounô iô  ió  rolleä  up¬     otherwiteró  availablå foò use®  You'lì havå tï picë onå sizå     aó youò normaì characteò seô anä onå aó youò alternate® It'ó     usuallù á gooä ideá tï picë thå alternatå seô aó thå  smalleò     oæ  thå twï (i.e.¬  1¶ characteró peò incè versuó 1° peò iså  yoõ  wilì enä uð witè jaggeä lineó  wheî  printinç     subscripts and superscripts.     USEÒ  PATCHEÓ ± THROUGÈ 4º  WordStaò allowó fouò  additionaì     characteò  sequenceó  tï  bå  senô  tï  thå  printeò  througè     definablå "useò functncè Š    foò normal)® Thå reasoî foò thió ió thaô WordStaò can'ô telì     ho÷  largå  youò characteró are¬  anä iæ yoõ  switcè  iî  thå     middlå  oæ á linå tï á largeò characteò set¬  yoõ maù enä  uð     with text running off the right side of thions.¢ Witè non-daisywheeì printers¬ iô     makeó senså tï puô anù additionaì characteò sizeó (otheò thaî     thoså entereä above© intï theså functions¬  jusô iî caså  yoõ     wisè tï uså them® Witè printeró likå thå Centronicó 737¬ yoõ     mighôe page.     NORMAÌ CHARACTEÒ SETº  Seå discussioî immediatelù above® Iæ     yoõ specifù aî alternatå characteò set¬ yoõ musô alsï specifù     a normal character set.     ROLÌ  CARRIAGÅ UÐ PARTIAÌ LINEº  Tï perforí superscriptó  oî     no wanô tï specifù thaô thå "proportionaì spacing¢ modå bù     entered using one of the user functions.     RIBBOÎ CHANGEº Somå printeró allo÷ yoõ tï switcè betweeî thå     blacë  portioî oæ thå ribboî anä anotheò coloò (usuallù red)®     Iæ youhavå á daisywheeì     printeò  oò  specifieä thaô thå printeò shoulä  uså  carriagå     returnó  tï  perforí overstrikes¬  yoõ maù simplù  filì  thió     function with zeroes.     ALTERNATÅ  CHARACTEÒ SETº  Iæ youò non-daisywheeì printeò ió    r'ó  motoò     usinç  thió  function¬  makå  surå  yoõ turî  iô  oî  iî  thå     initialization function, above.     STRIKEOUÔ CHARACTERº Yoõ maù specifù whicè characteò ió useä     foò strikeouts® WordStaò comeó witè thå "-¢ (hyphen© useä aó    function¬  yoõ  neeä  alsï tï telì WordStaò thå  sequencå  oæ     characteró  youò  printeò  recognizeó  whicè  instructó   thå     printeò  tï  returî tï thå normaì ribboî color®  Enteò  thaô     sequence in this function.     INITIALIZATION     thå  strikeouô character¬  buô somå peoplå prefeò á lower- oò     uppercaså "X"®  Makå surå aô leasô somå characteò ió entereä     herå oò elså yoõ wilì neveò seå strikeouts¬ eveî iæ yoõ enteò     them into your document.     UNDERSCORÅ CHº  Yoõ  maù  senä  anù sequencå oæ  uð  tï  1¶     characteró  tï youò printeò beforå WordStaò firsô  beginó  tï     senä á filå foò printing® Aô thå verù least¬ iô ió suggesteä     thaô  yoõ  senä  thå printeò á carriagå  return¬  whicè  wilì  ARACTERº  Yoõ maù alsï specifù whicè  characteò     tï uså foò underlining®  Thå obviouó choicå ió thå underlinå     ("_"), but some printers use special underlining characters.     PRINTEÒ ROUTINEº WordStaò useó onå oæ fivå differenô wayó oæ    assurå thaô thå printeò alwayó startó aô thå lefô edgå oæ thå     paper®  Somå useró maù wisè tï senä á forí feeä (1² hex©  tï     makå  surå thaô WordStaò alwayó startó printinç aô thå toð oæ     a form, no matter what was done before.     C     sendinç characteró tï thå printer®  Onlù threå oæ theså makå     sense on the Osborne 1:      CP/M list device      user subroutine      alternate console     Yoõ  seô  uð youò WordStaò diskettå iî steð ± foò  thå  firsô  ONCLUSIONº  Yoõ  maù  alsï  elecô tï senä  youò  printeò  á     sequencå  oæ characteró aô thå enä oæ eacè printinç  session®     Somå printers¬  foò instance¬ neeä tï havå theiò motoò turneä Š    ofæ  bù thå computer®  Iæ yoõ turî ofæ thå  printe   option¬  usinç  thå  CP/Í  lisô  device®  Iî  almosô  everù     instance¬  thió  ió thå onlù choicå whicè novicå useró shoulä     attempô tï utilize® Thå otheò twï possibilitieó botè requirå     somå knowledgå oæ eitheò assemblù languagå oò thåò printeò ió onå oæ these¬ enteò thå characteò sequencå     whicè  telló  thå printeò tï changå tï thå  alternatå  ribboî     color in this function, otherwise fill with zeroes.     RIBBOΠ CHANGÅ  BACKº  Iæ  yoõ  specifieä  á  ribboî  changå       tï  whicè  yoõ  shoulä replù witè thå namå  oæ  thå  WordStaò     prograí  fileº  B:WS.COM®  Yoõ musô supplù thå "B:¢ becauså     INSTALÌ  needó tï bå tolä thaô youò WordStaò diskettå  ió  iî     drive B, not drive A.     Next, INSTALL aspenä  á loô  oæ  timå  goinç     backwardó (i.e.¬ noô printing!). Step 4: Using INSTALL     Now comes the process of actually changing WordStar.     Placå  youò CP/Í Utilitù diskettå iî drivå Á anä thå WordStaò     diskettå iî drivå B® ks:      Filename for saving INSTALLED WordStar?     Yoõ wilì havå tï replù witè á "B:WS.COM¢ (i.e.¬ thå samå namå     aó  thå  prograí yoõ wisè tï modify)¬  becauså therå  ió  noô     enough space on drive B to save a second copy of WorPresó RESEÔ oî thå fronô oæ thå Osbornå     ±  anä presó RETURÎ tï loaä CP/M®  Typå INSTALL‚ tï  loaä     the WordStar installation program.     A copyright message will appear and INSTALL will ask you:      Do you want a normal firstdStar.     Thå nexô messagå you'lì seå ió á "terminaì choicå menu.¢ Thå     propeò  responså  ió tï specifù "U"¬  indicatinç  nï  change®     Modifyinç thå terminaì informatioî iî WordStaò makeó nï senså     on the Osborne 1.     Finally¬  -time INSTALLation of WordStar?      (Y = yes; N = display other options):     WordStaò  waó installeä bù Osbornå Computeò  corporatioî  thå     first time, so DO NOT answer with a "Y"; press "N" (for no).     Á ne÷ messagå wilì appeaò liwe'rå tï thå printeò optionó iî INSTALL® Thå firsô     question asked is what type of printer you have:      PRINTER MENU (More specific info is displayed after choice is entered)      A Any "Teletype-like" pristinç youò options®  Ratheò thaî     explaiî  eacè oæ them¬  chooså optioî "B"¬  whicè ió thå onlù     onå thaô reallù makeó senså giveî iî ouò samplå installation. Š    INSTALL now asks:      FILENAME OF WORDSTAR to be INSTALLed?  nter (i.e. almost any printer)      C "Teletype-like" printer that can BACKSPACE      D DIABLO 1610/1620 daisywheel printer      E DIABLO 1640/1650 daisywheel printer      F QUME Sprint 5 daisywheel printer      G NEC Spinwriter 5520/5520 th CP/Í IOBYTÅ     tï  implement®  Thå Customizatioî Noteó lisô theså lasô  twï     routineó  anä  sho÷ thå areaó tï change»  jusô makå surå  yoõ     kno÷ whaô you'rå doinç iæ yoõ begiî tinkerinç witè theså  twï     routines¬  otherwiså  yoõ  maù  s  ä CP/Í ho÷ tï communicatå     to your printer.     Communications Protocol     WordStaò needó á "communicationó protocol¢ (á speciaì  methoä     oæ  communicatinç tï thå printer© foò somå typeó oæ printers®     Iô  doeó  noô  makå  senså   Thå     informatioî  yoõ  founä  earlieò iî thå  "Ho÷  tï  Overprint¢     section¬  ió  thå  primarù  datá  yoõ neeä tï  uså  foò  thió     decision:      o If you have a daisywheel printer, select      the choice (D-G) which cometï  havå  WordStaò  providå  thió     protocol¬ however¬ sincå iô caî bå donå bù CP/M® Iæ yoõ havå     á daisywheeì printer¬  specifù thå appropriatå protocoì usinç     SETUP‚  anä  specifù  "NONÅ requireä (oò  handleä  outsidå  oæ     WordStar)s closest to      the type of daisywheel printer you own.      o If you have a non-daisywheel printer, if it      can backspace, you might want to choose      option C, whereas all others should choose      opt" to the question INSTALL is now asking.     Iæ yoõ havå á non-daisywheeì printer¬  thå appropriatå choicå     is the same one, "N" for "NONE required".     Print Driver     WordStaò  alsï needó tï kno÷ whicè methoä yoõ wisè iô tï  uion A. Š    Wheî yoõ picë onå oæ thå options¬  INSTALÌ wilì presenô  somå     informatioî  abouô  youò choicå anä asë yoõ iæ yoõ  arå  surå     abouô youò choice® Presó "Y¢ iæ yoõ wanô tï continue¬ "N¢ iæ     you want to reconsider your last cså     tï  finä thå instructionó tï print®  Oæ thå  optionó  shown¬     onlù  "L¢  (CP/Í lisô device© oò "S¢ (user-installeä  printeò     driver©  makå sense®  Noviceó shoulä alwayó chooså thå  CP/Í     lisô  device»  iæ yoõ havå accesó tï thhoice.     Next¬ INSTALÌ askó yoõ twï questionó abouô ho÷ WordStaò ió tï     communicatå  tï youò printer®  Thió ió noô thå samå thinç aó     yoõ  diä  earlieò  usinç  SETUP®   Yoõ  musô  answeò   theså     questions¬  eveî  iæ yoõ earlieò tolå Customizatioî  Noteó     anä kno÷ Z8° assemblù language¬  yoõ mighô wanô tï codå  youò     own routine.     Special Modifications     INSTALÌ no÷ askó yoõ iæ youò modificationó arå complete®  Iæ     yoõ  havå á daisywheeì printer¬  yoõ simble printer      I "Half-Line-Feed Printers      M I/O MASTER / OEM Printer combination      U no change      Z none of the above      PLEASE ENTER SELECTION (1 LETTER):          Thió  ió  wherå youò sleuthinç wilì starô tï  paù  off®    0,0,0,0,0 Ribbon standard character sequence     PSINIT: 01,0D,0,0,0, Initialization sequence      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,      0,0,0,0     PSFINI: 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, Ending sequence      0,0,0,0,0,0,0 BLDSTR: 02 Number of strikes for boldface DBLSTR: 02 Number of strikes for doublestrike PSCRLF: 02,0D,0A,0,0,0,0, Advance to next line sequence      0,0,0,0     PSCR: 02,0D,0,0,0,0,0     SOCHR: 2D Character used for strikeout     ULCHR: 5F Character used for underlining      Default values: each hex number specified          is one byte stored in WordStar. You may not      ,0 Return carriage for overprint     PSHALF: 0,0,0,0,0,0,0 Half-line feed sequence     PBACKS: 01,08,0,0,0,0 Backspace character sequence Š    PALT: 0,0,0,0,0 Alternate character pitch sequence     PSTD: 0,0,0,0,0  use more bytes than are assigned to the      default values, although you can use fewer by      merely entering 00 hex for each non-important      byte.           Thå abovå tablå correspondó (iî order© tï thå informatioî yoõ     Standard character pitch sequence     ROLUP: 0,0,0,0,0 Superscript character sequence     ROLDOW: 0,0,0,0,0 Subscript character sequence     USR1: 0,0,0,0,0 User-defined character sequence     USR2: 0,0,0,0,0 haä tï looë uð abouô youò printeò earlier®  Thå methoä useä     tï substitutå thå informatioî needeä tï controì youò  printeò     in place of the default values listed above is to:      1. Type the name of the routine you wish       User-defined character sequence     USR3: 0,0,0,0,0 User-defined character sequence     USR4: 0,0,0,0,0 User-defined character sequence     RIBBON: 0,0,0,0,0 Ribbon alternate character sequence     RIBOFF:  to change:      PALT:       (would tell INSTALL you wish to change      the alternate character pitch sequence.      INSTALL replies:      ADDRESS: xxxxH OLD VALUE: xxH NEW VALUE: houlä replù witè á  "Y¢     (for yes); otherwise reply with a "N".     Iæ  yoõ  arå  continuinç  oî anä  makinç  morå  changes¬  thå     following are the modifications still open to you:      NAME DEFAULT DESCRIPTION !   then go on to the next function (i.e.,      type the function's name when you see      the prompt: "LOCATION TO BE CHANGED:").           4. When you are through, enter "0" instead of      a function name and ier. Remember, some-      times INSTALL needs a sequence of information,      which must be provided in the order the      printer expects it, preceeded by the number      of characters in the sequence. Example:    INSTALL will echo      your selections and give you one last      chance to change your mind.     Don'ô paniã iæ youò changeó don'ô worë thå firsô timå around¬     eveî  thå  besô  oæ uó sometimeó enteò informatioî  intï  thå     for the Epson MX-80, you might enter:      02, meaning two characters are in the Š     sequence to tell your MX-80 to switch to      a different character pitch.      Press RETURN after entering th  computeò toï hastilù oò withouô enougè thoughô tï whaô  we'rå     doing®  Sincå  you'rå  workinç oî á copù oæ  WordStar¬  yoõ     don'ô havå tï worrù abouô goofinç thingó up--thå worsô you'lì     do is waste a few minutes time. .pa Š    Osborne correct      hex value for your printer.      3. If more than one character needs to be sent      to the printer for the function being      modified, press RETURN a second time and      INSTALL will shoå  Computeò Corporatioî cannoô supplù  informatioî  foò     everù  printeò  available®  Wå wilì periodicallù  lisô  ne÷     informatioî abouô specifiã printeró iî ouò useò magazine¬  tï     bå introduceä iî sprinç oæ 1982®  Iî thå meantime¬ herå w you what is stored in      the second memory location of the function      sequence. Again, enter the appropriate      value for your printer. Repeat this      process for all characters in the sequence,      arå     thå  valueó  necessarù tï uså thå Epsoî MX-8° printeò oî  thå     Osborne with all features implemented:      NAME DEFAULT DESCRIPTION BLDSTR: 03 Number of strikes for boldface DBLSTR: 0      2. Examine the "old value" and see if it is      the same as for your printer. If it is,      you need only press RETURN; if it isn't,      enter the hex value you looked up in your      printer's manual earl"   5F Character used for underlining        Ending sequence      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0     SOCHR: 2D Character used for strikeout     ULCHR: ed sequence     PBACKS: 01,08,0,0,0,0 Backspace character sequence     PALT: 02,0,0,0,0 Alternate character pitch sequence     PSTD: 0,0,0,0,0 Standard character pitch sequence     ROLUP: 0,0,0,0,0 Superscripåt character sequence     ROLDOW: 0,0,0,0,0 Subscript character sequence     USR1: 0,0,0,0,0 User-defined character sequence     USR2: 0,0,0,0,0 User-defined character sequence     USR3: 0,0,0,0,0 User-dåefined character sequence     USR4: 0,0,0,0,0 User-defined character sequence     RIBBON: 0,0,0,0,0 Ribbon alternate character sequence     RIBOFF: 0,0,0,0,0 Ribbon standard character sequence     PSINIT: 01,0D,0,0å,0, Initialization sequence      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,      0,0,0,0     PSFINI: 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, Ending sequence      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0     SOCHR: 2D Character used for strikeout     ULCHR: å2 Number of strikes for doublestrike PSCRLF: 02,0D,0A,0,0,0,0, Advance to next line sequence      0,0,0,0     PSCR: 02,0D,0,0,0,0,0 Return carriage for overprint     PSHALF: 0,0,0,0,0,0,0 Half-line fe#   BUT THE CHARACTER ? MAY BE SATISFIED BY ANY SINGLE CHARACTER, AND THE CHARACTER * MAY BE SATISFIED BY ANY STRING OF ANY LENGTH. TYPICAL AFN'S ARE: *.ASM XDIR.80? B:I*.* DIR AFN - REQUEST LIST OF ALL FILE NAME IN THE DIRD FACILITIES ED - A CONTEXT EDITOR FOR THE CP/M SYSTEM / USER'S GUIDE CP/M ASSEMBLER (ASM) / USER'S GUIDE CP/M DYNAMIC DEBUGGING TOOL (DDT) / USER'S GUIDE CP/M INTERFACE GUIDE CP/M SYSTEM ALTERATION GUIDE BASIC-E REFERENECTORY WHICH SATISFY THE AMBIGUOUS FILE NAME ERA AFN - ERASE ALL FILES WHOSE NAME SATISFIES THE AMBIGUOUS FILE NAME TYPE UFN - TYPE THE FILE SPECIFIED ON THE CONSOLE SAVE N UFN - SAVE CE MANUAL THESE MANUALS (AND OTHERS, SUCH AS THE ML80 MANUAL) MAY BE OBTAINED EITHER FROM IMSAI OR DIRECTLY FROM DIGITAL RESEARCH, AT: DIGITAL RESEARCH POST OFFICE BOX 579 PACIFIC GROVE, CALIFORNIA 93950 PHONE 408-649-3896 N (DECIMAL) PAGES (OF 256 BYTES EACH) ON DISK, WITH NAME SPECIFIED REN UFN1=UFN2 - RENAME EXISTING FILE UFN2 WITH FIRST NAME SPECIFIED UFN - LOAD THE SPECIFIED FILE (ASSUMED TYPE 'COM') AND JUMP ----------------------------------------------------------------------- CCP (DIRECT) COMMANDS: IN THE FOLLOWING, UFN STANDS FOR 'UNAMBIGUOUS FILE NAME', WHICH IS OF THE FORM 'N:NAME.TYPE', WHERE N IS A DISK NAME (A OR B, OR CURRENT DI TO LOCATION 100H. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SYSGEN.COM CP/M UTILITY TO TRANSFER THE SYSTEM IMAGE FROM ONE DISKETTE TO ANY OTHER. MAY ALSO BE USED JUST TO LOAD THE SYSTEM IMAGE INTO RAM, OR SK IF OMITTED), NAME IS AN UP TO 8 CHARACTER FILE NAME, AND TYPE IS AN UP TO 3 CHARACTER FILE TYPE. TYPICAL UFN'S ARE FRED.ASM B:TEST.COM SALLY69 VOLUME.001 AFN STANDS FOR 'AMBIGUOUS FILE NAME', WHICH FOLLOWS THE RULE ABOVE, VICA VERSA. TYPICAL COMMAND: SYSGEN ----------------------------------------------------------------------- STAT.COM UTILITY COMMAND TO REQUEST INFORMATION ABOUT REMAINING SPACE ON THE CURRENT DISKETTE, OR SIZE DATA CPM DOCUMENTATION THIS FILE CONTAINS SHORT DESCRIPTIONS OF THE FILES PROVIDED BY DIGITAL RESEARCH. FOR FURTHER DOCUMNENTATION SEE THE DIGITAL RESEARCH CPM REFERENCE MANUALS. THESE INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING: AN INTRODUCTION TO CP/M FEATURES AN$  . NO MACROS OR RELOCATABLE CODE, BUT IT DOES HAVE CONDITIONAL ASSEMBLY. OTHERWISE REASONABLY COMPATIBLE WITH INTEL STANDARD ASSEMBLER (HOWEVER NOTE THAT SYMBOLS MAY BE LONGER THAN SIX CHARACTERS, WHICH IS THE MAX WITH THE INTEL ASSEMBLER. T------------------------------------------------------------------- PIP.COM GENERALIZED COPY UTILITY. MAY BE USED TO TRANSFER FILES FROM ONE DISK TO ANOTHER, OR FROM POINT TO POINT ON ONE DISK, OR FROM DISK TO AN I/O DEVICE (SUCH AS THE HE NAME OF THE FILE (NO TYPE) IS SPECIFIED AS THE FIRST PARAMETER IN THE INVOCATION. DO NOT SPECIFY TYPE 'ASM' - THE TYPE FIELD IS FOR SPECIFYING WHICH DISK THE THREE FILES ARE ON. INPUT IS ASSUMED TO BE ON FILE 'X.ASM', LISTING GOES TO FILE 'XCONSOLE), OR FROM AN I/O DEVICE TO DISK. TYPICAL COMMANDS: PIP START PIP AND ALLOW MULTIPLE COMMANDS TO BE ENTERED PIP A:X=B:Y TRANSFER FILE Y FROM DISK B TO FILE X ON DISK A PIP B:FRED=A: TRANSFER FILE FRED ON.PRN' AND HEX OBJECT FILE GOES TO FILE 'X.HEX' (WHERE 'X' IS THE NAME SPECIFIED IN THE COMMAND) LINES WITH ERRORS WILL BE LISTED TO THE CONSOLE DURING ASSEMBLY. TYPICAL COMMANDS: ASM TEST - ASSEMBLE FILE TEST.ASM, CREATE T DISK A TO FILE FRED ON DISK B ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ED.COM CONTEXT EDITOR. CREATES BACKUP FILE OF TYPE 'BAK' WITH NAME OF FILE BEING EDITED. WRITES NEW FILE WITH NAME AND TYPE OF OEST.PRN, TEST.HEX ASM TEST.ABX - ASSEMBLE FILE TEST.ASM (ON DISK A), CREATE FILE TEST.HEX (ON DISK B), AND SEND LISTING TO CONSOLE ----------------------------------------------------------------------- LOAD.COM RIGINAL FILE FOR DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EDITING COMMANDS, SEE CP/M MANUAL ON ED. TYPICAL COMMAND: ED TEST.ASM ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ASM.COM SIMPLE INTEL-FORMAT ASSEMBLER UTILITY PROGRAM TO TRANSLATE HEX FILES CREATED BY ASSEMBLER INTO COM FILES (MEMORY IMAGE / AUTO LOAD). FILE TYPE NEED NOT BE SPECIFIED LOAD READS STANDARD INTEL HEX OBJECT FILES FROM FILE 'X.HEX', AND CREATES A MEMORY IMAGE FILE ON FILON A PARTICULAR FILE OR GROUP OF FILES. TYPICAL COMMANDS: STAT REQUEST INFO ON AVAILABLE SPACE STAT ASM.COM REQUEST SIZE DATA ON FILE 'ASM.COM' STAT *.ASM REQUEST SIZE DATA ON ALL FILES OF TYPE 'ASM' -----%   HYPOTHETICAL MACHINE. NOT PARTICULARY FAST OR ELEGANT. INPUT FILE IS ASSUMED TO BE OF TYPE 'BAS', OUTPUT FILE WILL BE OF SAME NAME, AS INPUT, BUT OF TYPE 'INT'. NOTE THAT THE OBJECT FILE CREATED IS NOT 8080 CODE, AND MAY ONLY BE RUN ON THE 'RU---------------------- DDT.COM POWERFUL REAL-TIME DEBUGGING FACILITY, INCLUDING HEX MEMORY DUMP AND EDIT, SIMPLE ASSEMBLER/DISASSEMBLER, BREAKPOINTS, EXECUTION TRACE, AND REGISTER DISPLAY AND SET. FOR FURTHER DETAILS ON DDT, SEE TN-E' 'INTERPRETER' FOR FURTHER DETAILS, SEE THE CP/M BASIC-E REFERENCE MANUAL. TYPICAL COMMAND: BASIC-E DEMO - COMPILE SOURCE PROGRAM ON 'DEMO.BAS' AND CREATE INTERNAL FILE ON 'DEMO.INT' ------------HE CP/M DDT MANUAL. TYPICAL COMMANDS: DDT TEST.COM - LOAD THE FILE TEST.COM DIRECTLY AND START DDT TEST.HEX - LOAD THE HEX OBJECT FILE ON TEST.HEX AND START ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RUN-E.COM RUN-TIME 'INTERPRETER' FOR INT FILES CREATED BY BASIC-E. INPUT FILE IS ASSUMED TO BE OF TYPE 'INT'. TYPICAL COMMAND: RUN-E DEMO - EXECUTE THE PROG----- DUMP.COM HEX FILEDUMP FACILITY. ALLOWS USER TO DISPLAY CONTENTS OF ANY DISK FILE IN HEXADECIMAL. VERY USEFUL WHEN DEBUGGING PROGRAMS WHICH DO DISK I/O. TYPICAL COMMAND: DUMP TEST.COM - DISPLAY CONTENTS OF FILE TRAM ORIGINALLY COMPILED FROM FILE 'DEMO.BAS' ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUBMIT.COM PROCEDURE FILE FACILITY. ALLOWS USER TO CREATE A STRING OF CP/M CONSOLE COMMANDS OEST.COM IN HEX ----------------------------------------------------------------------- BASIC-E.COM BASIC COMPILER FROM NAVAL POSTGRADUATE LAB. TRANSLATES REASONABLY STANDARD BASIC, WITH DISK I/O REFERENCES INTO MACHINE LANGUAGE FOR AN A DISK FILE (OF TYPE 'SUB') AND HAVE THEM EXECUTED ONE BY ONE. THE 'SUB' FILE MAY BE CREATED BY THE TEXT EDITOR, AND CONTAINS LINE IMAGES OF LEGAL CP/M COMMANDS, FOLLOWED BY CR AND LF. FOR EXAMPLE, SEE FILE ML.SUB. DUMMY PARAMETERS MAY BEE 'X.COM', WHERE X IS THE NAME SPECIFIED IN THE COMMAND. TYPICAL COMMAND: LOAD TEST - CREATE FILE TEST.COM FOR EXECUTION BY TYPING JUST THE NAME 'TEST'. -------------------------------------------------&  åBSTITUTED INTO THE TEXT OF THE SUB FILE POSITIONALLY. THE SYMBOL $1 WILL BE REPLACED BY THE FIRST PARAMETER, ETC. TYPICAL COMMAND: SUBMIT ML XDIR - SUBMIT FILE ML.SUB, WITH $1 REPLACED BY XDIR -----------------------------å------------------------------------------  TYPICAL COMMAND: SUBMIT ML XDIR - SUBMIT FILE ML.SUB, WITH $1 REPLACED BY XDIR -----------------------------ååååå USED AT ANY POINT IN THE SUB FILE ($N, WHERE N IS AN INTEGER). ANY FORMAL PARAMETERS SPECIFIED AT THE TIME THE SUBMIT COMMAND IS INVOKED (SUBMIT XXX P1 P2 P3 ... PN, WHERE X IS THE NAME OF THE 'SUB' FILE, AND EACH PI IS A PARAMETER) WILL BE SU'  e, p.11 -a form letter soliciting new business ----------------------------------------------------------------- 6.)POS.TXT Wordstar Mailmerge Demo Package, p.12 -provideó texô anä formaô foò Prooæ oæ  Servicå eresting! 1.)CLIENT.DTÁ   ió   froí   thå   Wordstaò   Mailmergå    Dealeò Demonstratioî Package¬ iî facô froí pagå 1³ oæ saiä package® Thå prograí provideó thå datá foò variablå valueó needeä iî thå Prooæ oæ  Servicå  forí  (POS.TXT© whicè ió a legal form - some bugs ----------------------------------------------------------------- 7.)ROLLLIST.FMT Wordstar Mailmerge Demo Package, p.15 -containó  formaô  foò  printinç  mailinç  lisô inforlsï oî  thió  disk®  Somå bugs -- play with it. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2.)DF-1.DTÁ Wordstaò Mailmergå agaiî - provideó datá foò LETTER- 2.TXT. Dealer Demo Package, p.11 -----------------------------------matioî  iî  thå formaô oæ mailinç  labeló supplied in roll form. ----------------------------------------------------------------- WELL¬  THAT'Ó  IÔ FOÒ NO× HOPÅ TÏ SEÅ YOÕ AÔ THÅ NEXÔ MEETINÇ OF FOG..........................------------------------------ 3.)EXAMPLE.TXÔ   - á  nicelù  writteî  fivå  pagå  OVERVIE×   OÆ WORDSTAR®  Prinô  ouô  undeò  Wordstaò  oî youò  printeò  foò  á dramatic display of Wordstar's printing ability. --------------------------------------å--------------------------- 4.)LETTER-1.TXT Wordstar Mailmerge Demo Package, p.10 -a whimsical form letter to friends ----------------------------------------------------------------- 5.)LETTER-2.TXT Wordstar Mailmerge Demo Packagåprint out of FOG.DOC San Francisco 12 October 1981 Dear Fellow FOG Member: Here are a few programs you may find int